Review: Too tired to talk

Michael Rosen, radio4 presenter speaks out about language change, he discusses how common words have been shortened over the years and have mostly been influenced from the sixteenth century. He is very certain we shorten words a daily basis for example giving are friends and acquaintances nicknames or shortening their names, is it because we are too lazy to pronounce a whole name or are we now comfortable with are friend or acquaintance that is comes natural to shorten their name. Rosen is very certain that we are just far too tired to pronounce words and find them too difficult, yawn.He clearly being sarcastic.

If we are going to shorten common words like "doc"  means doctor these play on words should be used if we understand the total meaning.

Word: Pad

Pad
Definitions:
A footpath/a road
An easy paced horse
A robber that infests the road, a highwayman
To travel upon foot
To travel heavily or slowly
To rob on foot
To wear a path by walking
Stuffing
Type of cushion
Block of paper
A cushion used as a saddle without a frame
A stuffed guard or protection
Thickening of the skin on animals feet
A floating leaf of a water lily
A soft bag or cushion to relieve pressure
Piece of timber fixed on a beam to fit the curve of the deck
A measure for fish; as, sixty mackerel go to a pad; a basket of soles
To stuff; to furnish with a pad or padding
To imbue uniformly with a mordant; as, to pad cloth

History

1554:  "bundle of straw to lie on," possibly from Low Ger. or Flem. pad "sole of the foot." Meaning "cushion-like part of an animal foot" is from 1836 in Eng. Generalized sense of "something soft" is from c.1700; the sense of "a number of sheets fastened together" (in writing pad, drawing pad, etc.) is

from 1865. Sense of "take off or landing place for a helicopter" is from 1960. The word persisted in underworld slang from early 18c. in the sense "sleeping place," and was popularized again c.1959, originally in beatnik speech (later hippie slang) in its original sense of "place to sleep temporarily." The verb meaning "to stuff, increase the amount of" is first recorded 1827, from the noun; transf. to expense accounts, etc. from 1913. Padded cell in an asylum or prison is from 1862 (padded room).

"to walk," 1553, probably from M.Du. paden "walk along a path, make a path," from pad, pat "path." Originally criminals' slang, perhaps of imitative origin (sound of feet trudging on a dirt road).

 A soft material forming a cushion, used in applying or relieving pressure on a part, or in filling a depression so that dressings can fit snugly.
A fatty mass of tissue acting as a cushion in the body, such as the fleshy underside of a finger or toe.
A place to live; one's room or dwelling. :  Why don't you come over to my pad for a while?

 

Goldylocks and the three bears 1837

ONCE upon a time there were three Bears, who lived together in a house of their own in a wood. One of them was a Little, Small, Wee Bear; and one was a Middle-sized Bear, and the other was a Great, Huge Bear. They had each a pot for their porridge, a little pot for the Little, Small, Wee Bear; and a middle-sized pot for the Middle Bear; and a great pot for the Great, Huge Bear. And they had each a chair to sit in: a little chair for the Little, Small, Wee Bear; and a middle-sized chair for the Middle Bear; and a great chair for the Great, Huge Bear. And they had each a bed to sleep in: a little bed for the Little, Small, Wee Bear; and a middle-sized bed for the Middle Bear; and a great bed for the Great, Huge Bear.




Influential phrase used in iction currently "ONCE upon a time". The word "ONCE" is in capitals because it is a great sentence starter that intregues the reader inbecause they then want to read on because capitals can make somthing look exciting.

Three adjectives meaning the same " Little, Small, Wee Bear".For the big bear there are two adjectives, the word"Great, Huge Bear" can have other meanings but in this instance with means big rather

The word "wee"comes from Scotland, it means little of somthing. The use of triplets enhances and intensifys the meaning.

The phrase "Middle-sized Bear" doesnt make sence in the present day you cant get somthing that is the size "middle" however it means center, so we undstand this must be the medium sized bear.

In the more modern version of the story the poriage is in bowls however in this story it is in a "pot" this shows a change in language and the formality has dicreased to now appeal people of all statuses.

How people think reading should be taught

•Phonics- One of the most well known methods of English language.

•Children start to begin to learn the alphabet, they learn the names of the letters and how to pronounce the sounds that they make.
•Once they have learnt the sounds of the letters they can then begin to blend two letters together to then make simple words and then eventually move onto three then for then so on.
•Sentences that get the best outcome with pronunciation are for example ‘the cat sat on the mat’.

•The look and say-Children learn  to recognise whole words or short sentences rather than individual sounds.

•When a child looks at a word that we sound ,in return the child will repeat the sound(the word).

•To help flashcards with single words on them are used for this method and often are teamed up with a picture.

•If you do not include pictures the child will make guesses at what the words are and won’t learn from this.

•By having several flashcards you can then make the child group these words to then form a sentence but you include the conjunctions ‘and’ and ‘the’ for order and form to make proper sentences.

• Modern psychologists developed this idea of wrote memorisation. Some children can become weaker readers if they are  forced to read , but with this learning method the teaching skills benefit the children.

•The language experience- This approach uses the child's own words to help them read.

• The child would draw a picture of Dog in the basket/Underneath the picture you write ‘Dog is in the basket’.
•If you continue by collecting the child’s drawings and keep writing short sentences for example a picture of a cat could read ‘ the cat sat on the mat’.
• By letting the child read through these they learn and develop their vocabulary and also increase communication between you and the child.
•The context support- When the child is learning how to read it is really important to pick the right books that interest them by doing this it encourages them to enjoy learning with you.
• There are particular books that are designed for this method of reading , you will find a longer sentence on one side of the page and on the other side has a single or a two or three word  for the child to learn. Whilst you read the longer sentence the child then reads the simpler option.

Little Evie Castle transcript

Overview





Analysing the first sentence identifies the imperatives "come on" (this is also a phrasal verb) and "look". This shows that Evie is in control.

Grandma sets the agenda "now what are you going to do" this is influential power.

Grandma uses positive reinforcement when she praises Evie by using "Very good" this makes Evie feel confident.

There is a change in conversation, Grandma uses an open question "who's in the castle? this exercises and shows of influential power .Grandma chooses when she wants to change the conversation but let's Evie choose just to keep Evie interested.

Grandma uses a reformulation when Evie makes a virtuous sentence error "in square"Grandma tries to correct Evie and then succeeds.After Evie changes the topic to dogs.

Evie says "sit sit sit" this is modelling, she has clearly heard this before from a human to an animal being told to sit down she repeats the word to get it across to Grandma, she is the powerful participant and also uses the phrasal verb "come on" once more. She is confident in this phrase and feels like it must work to get to what she wants.

Evie Transcript

Overview

In this transcript we establish virtuous errors, phonological development and the theorist Chomsky on overgeneralisation. This is normal for Evie as she is in the telegraphic stage .She is the main powerful participant and she we see her developing her social skills. She is becoming comfortable with her speech while her grandma has been very supportive and a prompted guidance of Evie’s language.

 

There is an Instrumental function (Halliday’s theory), Evie”Some more” her language expresses her needs, she wants some more, she is responsive which makes her Grandma understand and on the same level of “small talk” speech; it gets the point across efficiently.

Grandma sets the agenda “how many? count them”, Evie is representative “one two three four five”, this shows she is in proximal development; she has been taught how to count and has responded well. Grandma then uses positive reinforcement “very good” to be supportive and proud that she has counted confidently.

Grandma appears to be the powerful participant so far in the transcript. She uses a declarative to   Evie “go on then you find the bath”. Without Evie responding its her actions that make grandma carry on speaking “oh yeah that’s it” she has corrected Evie and Evie has modelled to what Grandma has said.

 There is humour in the conversation between Evie and Grandma, the subject is Evie is smiling this links into imagination, this is a social skill that is being developed, and Grandma is very supportive.

Evie is in the telegraphic stage, she uses concrete nouns for example “kangaroo” Grandma then asks questions about the kangaroo, by doing this activity grandma is achieving Evie’s positive responses. Evie then further on uses a telegraphic sentence “he to the things” Evie was trying to say the kangaroo was in the house by wanting to say “he’s in there” or “he’s with the things” this is scaffolding and a adult utterance, essentially this is beyond Evie’s learning capacity,this relates to Bruner’s Scaffolding theory.

Evie makes an unclear response “pandip pandip” Grandma is responds with “yeah” this is positive reinforcement, this is to continue with the conversation to then further develop and understand what Evie was trying to say, this is an overgeneralisation (relates to Chomsky's theory).

Evaluation

As an overall outlook of my investigation I think my hypothesis was correct, I thought rappers would use more non-standard language than pop Stars. I came across some surprising data. To a certain extent I was wrong to think women in general (rappers or pop star) would use inappropriate language, for example swearwords. I was wrong. And also stereotypical. It doesn't matter how successful you are in the media to be classed celebrity or not we all use abbreviated words and taboo language, although as I discovered rappers use this the most.

Media Text

GLAMOUR

NEWS VIEWS AND HERE TO AMUSE

DOES YOUR TWITTER FEED LOOK DULL OR JUST PLAIN UGLY? CAN TWITTER LEAD TO JOB OPPORTUNIES? DO GLAM UP YOUR TWITTER AND READ ON...

TWEET, TWEET, TWEET, INCOMING NOTIFICATION, OMG, WELL IT WAS A MASSIVE OMG for, now professional, makeup artist Georgia Smith. From making tutorials on YouTube to promoting on Twitter, Facebook and instagram, her makeup dreams have come true.

Bright lights, New York City, Paris, Milan, and London, Georgia applied makeup, wiped it off again and spread her artistic abilities worldwide in the field of fashion. She has been a massive hit, strutting her skills for catwalks all over the world from working with top brands and designers Karl Lagerfeld for Chanel and Fendi; she also worked with the fabulous duo Dan and Dean for DSQUARED and of course becoming best friends with the gorgeous yet fabulous Cara Delevingne.

CAN I BE GEORGIA*CRY*

Do you think Georgia just Tweeted for her entertainment or yours? Gaining a follower is like gaining the best fan base. Gregg Wallace once quoted "I like the base" on something delicious or the other, so how can we pull this pudding off and make twitter sweet and a piece of cake just like our fellow friend Georgia?

IT’S ALL ABOUT ME-DIA

Celebrity or not, your social status can make or break you, so how can you show your characteristics via Twitter without one massive loss of followers due to saying the wrong thing? Use your personality to your advantage nobody likes a super artificial wannabe makeup artist on a YouTube tutorial pouting every second. Keep yourself professional. Georgia set up hundreds of videos before she was approached by the very own Christopher Bailey, the chief creative officer of Burberry. At first she started doing small jobs and was a part time makeup artist on Clinqué makeup counter in Boots, Cabot Circus. Now she is taking of opportunities of her Louis Vuiton heels.

 

The media can influence a lot of what we see about celebrities or real people for that fact (when I mean real I mean real people with their face still, if you know what I mean) say the wrong thing, we won’t forget and they will defiantly not let you forget. so what about a celebrity using taboo language or acting inappropriate? It depends on who are the audiences that follow these celebrity’s and who you want to follow you. You must keep focused on topics that you are interested in. Like are friend Georgia she kept us updated with her new looks every day. Which, we love.

 

If George hadn’t been frequently putting her-self out there and making a good impression on her fans she wouldn’t be where she is today. If she doesn’t tackle the media successfully (she has, don’t worry)but the Media can result in appearing on loose women, strictly come dancing and when it gets really bad auditioning on Britain’s Got Talent of which the cheeky girls again failed miserably to appear better than their one hit wonder.

 

POS(E)T(IN)G PICTURES

 

Posting being in relationships or posting pictures of your selfies on instagram via twitter. In Georgia’s case she stands posed with her models, her makeup brushes and most importantly the famous people she has met on her travels (her now, legit friends. This makes my status look like a cabbage. Her reputation is now sky high, some could say as high as the spirit in the sky(8) however you don’t additionally want to be Gareth gates in this moment of time as he is clearly still in high spirit, in the sky and just after that song he fell down, he is just a fart blowing in the wind. No wonder greenhouse gases are on the rise…oh Gareth.

SOCIAL BACKROUND

Whether you’re on cloud nine with Gareth it doesn’t matter what your social background is. Our socialect is all different, the language we use all depends on where you have grown up or in this case who are audiences based on preferably the young experimental teens. We all share a different accent and this can still come across in tweets, this just adds to your personality, we know where you belong but for job opportunities in this suit-case(oops sorry got distracted I’m going to Malia next month eep) tweets it’s probably best to keep professional.

WHAT OUR YOUR DREAM’Zzz

What would your dream job be? Take deep breaths…get ready and dunk those hobnobs in your cup of tea (I could of chose any biscuit, naughty). Reflect and Relax. So what is it you want to be? Fashion related or are you your daughters mother bored and just reading my article to help your daughter on her way ay ay ay, I’m joking I’m joking. But seriously. It was only until I did my Foundation course in Art and Design (which I defiantly recommend if you are torn between Art and Fashion). I knew I wanted to be part of the fashion world, I’ve forever been interested, it’s only now I have achieved what I have today. Also work experience is a big part of being successful it was a member of staff that actually suggested to Georgia to start posting on social networks. She did work experience on the Clinqué counter where she then began to work at. Never doubt yourself about your abilities, social networking has been proven to make your dreams come true. Georgia we applaud you.

Express yourself over the Internet and rack in those followers.

Btw (Internet slang for by the way) and fyi (For your information) you just might get a follow.

@MollyShortman

 

Analysing tweets

 Swearwords Sociolect:sick Accent Ellipsis Abstract nouns, love ,peace, joy etc. Elision, wanna

Capitals, Internet slang, Punctuation mistakes

Politeness: please, thankyou etc.

Direct question:

Exsageration: sooo

Repetitive words: so so so

Random tweets which were recently posted by the celebrities July/June.

50 cent

 

1.       50CENT IS NOW UNDER CONSTRUCTION#SMSAUDIO

2.       Man if I go to jail I'm taking my fish with me. #smsaudio http://instagram.com/p/bXXEMisL_2/

3.       Now I'm stuck in traffic what the fuck else can go wrong.#SMSAUDIOl

4.       My gums feel crazy.my head is banging it just came out of no ware. Niggas shot me,the shit still hurting.#SMSAUDIO

5.       My mouth hurt so bad,I'm going to the Hospital I'm fuck up.they better give me some drugs. #SMSAUDIO

Himanshu suri

1.       bullshit that popped collars is synonymous with white frat douchebag now cuz the black spanish indian older dudes in my hood were doin that

2.       minority kids in my hood were popping their hilfigger nautica polo collars long before i knew what a fraternity was

3.       WADDYA WANT that snapback kiddie shit? or that griddy kick ya grandmama in her tittie shit?

4.       aint get to do laundry so im sprayin CDG cologne all over my chuddies

5.       some girls that like me terrify me staring at me with them jodi arias dateline eyes, damn ma relax, not into human sex - aint gonn happen

 

Tyler the creator

1.       IF YOU HANG AROUND PEOPLE WHO DONT INSPIRE YOU STOP HANGING WITH THEM. AND STAY OUTTA TROUBLE. PLEASE. THE WORLD IS YOURS FUCKER

2.       IM GONNA DRIVE FAR JUST FOR A SCOOP OF ICE CREAM TOMORROW.

3.       IM THE YOUNGEST AND DARKEST IN THE FRONT OF THE PLANE MOST OF THE TIME

4.       TONIGHT SHOW WAS OH MAN SO BAD IM SORRY BUT THE ASSHOLE REMOX OF EARL WAS SICK HAHA

5.       OH FUCK THAT WAS THE BEST SHOW OF ALL TIME FUCKKKK SO GOOD HELL YEAH FUCK YEAH 😐😕😑😶

Lil B

1.       I only want based fam and positive people around me - Lil B

2.       Hey DM ME if you really care about earth and living a happy life while ur alive (SERIOUS ONLY) - Lil B

3.       Dudes/girls make sure u show love to the ladies that make it on Lil B page! No negativity or harassment is tolerated! @girltimeusa - Lil B

4.       1 bad choice can cost alot of peoples lives, i hope you really care in the end, I LOVE YOU - Lil B

5.       I love seeing happy babies and people - Lil B

Kanye West

1.       The BLKKK SKKKN HD video that leaked yesterday was not the official version.

2.       Me and Nick Knight have been working on this video for 5 months and for creatives it's heartbreaking when something like this happens.

3.       So any website that may have the unapproved / unfinished ruff. I ask you to please take it down.

4.       Allow me and Nick to give the world what we've been losing sleep over.

5.       And to who ever leaked the video… FUK YOU!

Lil Debbie

1.       no doe hoe YOU KNOW I SAY NO

2.       my fly shit been on top for so long I'm sky sick.

3.       this is life you flip yours to get yours.

4.       protect and provide for you the pimpen might have to die for you.

5.       men talk on the phone more than women do..... that shit blows mind

Honey Cocaine

1.       YOOO The Conjuring had me shitting breaks, WTF!!! Don't watch it.

2.       BRICKS* lmao I can't even spell. I'm still shaking.

3.       I'm not peeing til the sun comes up. Fuck everything.

4.       I leave @ImHelloKittyBro at my house for a bit and I come home to a broken MacBook. Looking to hire a babysitter while I'm at the studio.

5.       Fuck what you say, when I see you do it I'll believe it.

Iggy Azalea

1.       Okay guys, im off! Love you all and thanks a million times if youve been voting for me to win a VMA!

2.       Hey have you guys heard of Tunnel Bear? i got it about a month ago... its free. you can make websites think you are in america etc.

3.       Also forever amazes me to know we owe so much of modern music to delta and Chicago blues. wish I could go back in time.

4.       morning my lovely twitter friends. i got a gel manicure yesterday and it feels so strange to have my natural nails for the 1st time in years

5.       I had a dream that biggie smalls and Bruce Willis were both giants that ate people.

Snow, tha product

1.       home.. workin on music n workin on this panda shirt. and chillin wit crunchy aquanet hair. http://instagram.com/p/cD0-utjbuH/

2.       member when stacy dash was like sooo hot.... til she became a creepy ass republican old white man everytime she opens her mouth lol

3.       when old people stunt on me at the gym.... 😳😢

4.       oh shit! Thank you! N vlad! RT @cthagod: @SnowThaProduct Hell yeah the homie @djvlad put me up on you a while ago. I think you really dope.

5.       wtf!? Tech talked about me on the breakfast club n they know who i am?? oh man. im trippin! they said…

Azealia Banks

1.       Yes I am very temperamental but I am HUMAN and there are worse things I could be...

2.       So happy to be headlining LOVEBOX tonight!!! All my friends are gonna be there!!. Its gonna be a GREAT night!!

3.       I'm 22 and Living the life I've ALWAYS dreamed of!! I'm so so so blessed !!!!!!!!!!

4.       I'm joking I don't have a sugar daddy lolololol

5.       wish to wash my Irish wrist watch.

Justin bieber

1.       U gotta work for greatness. Take nothing for granted.

2.       Great show! Thank you Boston. The beliebers were wild tonight! Now...on to CANADA!!!

3.       Philly was right last night. Had a little headache from slamming my head wakeboarding but u guys carried me thru. Great show. Thanks

4.       It isn't just about music & performing 2 me. I care about all of u. I want to make the world better with this gift. Thought u should know :)

5.       Gonna get some rest before the show

Chris Brown

1.       Everyone loves to play GOD.

2.       I Wonder if people know what my fear is????? Here it is... Success and failure!

3.       Love GOD. Love ya self! Love everyone!

4.       People are not dumb. The world just plays stupid to fit in...

5.       Excited about today. Giving back.

Bruno Mars

1.       what yall talkin bout?

2.       Sacramentoooooooooooooo!!!!!!!!!

3.       Minnesota was all the way live tonight. Cant sleep just thinkin about it.. Thank you guys for coming out and jammin wit us

4.       Im in Chicago rockin braids and Wearin leather pants singing Jagged Edge songs to the bank teller while sippin on a Capri Sun! Bok Wit Me

5.       MONTREAL!!! My ears are still ringing! We loved playing for yall and hope you'll have us back soon.

Olly Murs

1.       Gotta say had the most amazing time with my cousins last night... Little rascals took me on a merry dance around @ToysRUs love um!!!

2.       Out with my wee cousin today!! Taken him out for his birthday that I missed... BAD COUSIN!!!!

3.       I'm going to be on 'Go' Aften Danmark' Live tonight from the Tivoli Garden on TV2 at 6.30 pm!!!

4.       huge congratulations to Will & Kate, a new king is born!!

5.       I can see your all voting for me on @MTV hottest thingy.. cheers ears!! worldwide trending aswell.. amazing fans!!

Justin Timberlake

1.       Had a great time with you last night, London. We should do it again soon...

2.       London... I have NO WORDS. That was a night I will never forget. Unreal. Hope you had as much fun as we did. #TNKids #WirelessFestival

3.       Dublin... You sang beautifully and you danced your asses off. What a special night. Thanks for having… http://instagram.com/p/bmqK-SSdrG/

4.       Charlie Wilson is trending right now. Unbelievable. What an honor that was... Thank you #BETAwards for having me.

5.       Stay tuned, I'm hitting the stage to help give tribute to the great Charlie Wilson. #BETAwards

Beyonce formal punctuation

1.       Hey World, It's B! I'm so excited to invite you to my new http://beyonce.com  - we've been working hard, and it's finally ready for you XO

2.       Hello, its Beyonce'. World Humanitarian day is 4 days away! August 19th. What will your act of kindness be? #IWASHERE #WHD2012

3.       This World Humanitarian Day I’m doing something good, somewhere, for someone else. Join me! #WHD2012 #IWASHERE http://thndr.it/PkQDSm

4.       Tune in now to NBC #ChimeforChange benefit concert. I am honored to be part of this great initiative for the empowerment of all women!

5.       It all starts with doing! - http://www.whd-iwashere.org/  #IWASHERE #WHD2012

Rihianna

1.       So I have to wait 'til August 5th to get the 2nd season of "Girls" on Apple TV????!!!! Whyyyyyyyyyyyy?????

2.       Phuck niggaz, bitches too!

3.       Thank you to all the supporters of my song "Stay"!!! This is brilliant news, and I owe you for it! Thank you so much! Congrats @mikkyekko

4.       The Power of God can bring you joy unspeakable!!

5.       James Blake you are my hero

Pink

1.       Alright Brisbane!!!! Getting ready for you :) –phatic talk

2.       Oh come on y'all... If people secretly recorded me and all the shit I talk.... It's all good. All love. And we all still here. Peace please

3.       Thank you for being awesome

4.       My favorite tweets are always the ones that garner a "not funny" response.Here's me pledge!: to not give a shit fer da rist a '20 tert teen!

5.       Ahhh! I'm SO so excited for everyone to see my new video TRUE LOVE out today on @VEVO check it out! http://smarturl.it/TrueLoveVid?IQid=tw …

Taylor swift formal

1.       Everything Has Changed remix is already #15 on iTunes! Yay @edsheeran!!! Thanks guys!

2.       Happy 21st birthday to my friend, and the closest thing I've ever had to a sister, @selenagomez!! pic.twitter.com/GhOgkl3kZ1

3.       Philadelphia. Seriously. I love you.

4.       For everyone here tonight in Philly, we're dressed and ready to take the stage as soon as the rain stops. See you soooooon...

5.       I feel like I definitely get along with people roughly 45% more if they know all the words to 'You're So Vain' by Carly Simon.

Demi lavato formal

1.       So my sister @dallaslovato came to visit me today wearing her typical Tuesday attire.. LOVE her 💗💗💗

2.       K so.. I'm really sick of popsicles and protein shakes... When does the pain start to go away?! 😫😣👎

3.       This is my last day before my tonsils and I part ways.... I dedicate this song to those little suckers... pic.twitter.com/jtsoYzW7cF

4.       But like.... You guys can keep voting for that Best Female VMA nod if you waaaant... I won't complain..... 😜😜😜

5.       I feel like when you're nominated for something, you already have won. To be nominated for anything is an honor..